Social Sciences

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Collinscobaba
Sanwo-Olu: Nigerian Military Officers Ordered Shooting Of Protesters In Lekki
~1.0 mins read
The Governor of Lagos state, Babajide Sanwo-olu has admitted that Nigerian Military officers ordered the shooting of unarmed #EndSARS protesters at the Lekki Toll Gate last week Tuesday.

Sanwoolu, during a live interview on CNN, disclosed that according to CCTV footage gotten from the scene of the shooting, officers of the Nigerian Army were responsible for the attack.

POLITICS NIGERIA earlier reported that the Lekki shooting generated a massive outcry from human rights organisations and the international community, with many calling for a thorough investigation into the incident.

When asked about who ordered the shooting and which security branch carried out the order, Sanwoolu said;

"From the footage that we can see, there are cameras at that facility. It seems to me that there were men in military uniform, should be Nigerian Army."

The Interviewer pressed further,"So you're saying that it was Military officers who ordered peaceful protesters to be shot in lekki?"

Sanwoolu replied; "Yes, they were there. That's what it shows".

When asked if anyone will be held accountable, Sanwoolu said; "They certainly would....I mean, we'll do everything to ensure that they are held accountable"

"I'm not the C-in-C, I'm Governor of the state."
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Ematy1
CREATIVITY IN A BROADER VIEW
~2.7 mins read
There has been much empirical study in psychology and cognitive science of the processes through which creativity occurs. Interpretation of the results of these studies has led to several possible explanations of the sources and methods of creativity.

INCUBATION
Incubation is a temporary break from creative problem solving that can result in insight. There has been some empirical research looking at whether, as the concept of "incubation" in Wallas' model implies, a period of interruption or rest from a problem may aid creative problem-solving. Ward[38] lists various hypotheses that have been advanced to explain why incubation may aid creative problem-solving, and notes how some empirical evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that incubation aids creative problem in that it enables "forgetting" of misleading clues. Absence of incubation may lead the problem solver to become fixated on inappropriate strategies of solving the problem. This work disputes the earlier hypothesis that creative solutions to problems arise mysteriously from the unconscious mind while the conscious mind is occupied on other tasks. This earlier hypothesis is discussed in Csikszentmihalyi's five phase model of the creative process which describes incubation as a time that your unconscious takes over. This allows for unique connections to be made without our consciousness trying to make logical order out of the problem.

CONVERGENT AND DIVERGENT THINKING
J. P. Guilford drew a distinction between convergent and divergent production (commonly renamed convergent and divergent thinking). Convergent thinking involves aiming for a single, correct solution to a problem, whereas divergent thinking involves creative generation of multiple answers to a set problem. Divergent thinking is sometimes used as a synonym for creativity in psychology literature. Other researchers have occasionally used the terms flexible thinking or fluid intelligence, which are roughly similar to (but not synonymous with) creativity.

CREATIVE COGNITION APPROACH
In 1992, Finke et al. proposed the "Geneplore" model, in which creativity takes place in two phases: a generative phase, where an individual constructs mental representations called preinventive structures, and an exploratory phase where those structures are used to come up with creative ideas. Some evidence shows that when people use their imagination to develop new ideas, those ideas are heavily structured in predictable ways by the properties of existing categories and concepts. Weisberg argued, by contrast, that creativity only involves ordinary cognitive processes yielding extraordinary results.

The Explicit–Implicit Interaction (EII) theory Edit
Helie and Sun more recently proposed a unified framework for understanding creativity in problem solving, namely the Explicit–Implicit Interaction (EII) theory of creativity. This new theory constitutes an attempt at providing a more unified explanation of relevant phenomena (in part by reinterpreting/integrating various fragmentary existing theories of incubation and insight).

The EII theory relies mainly on five basic principles, namely:

The co-existence of and the difference between explicit and implicit knowledge;
The simultaneous involvement of implicit and explicit processes in most tasks;
The redundant representation of explicit and implicit knowledge;
The integration of the results of explicit and implicit processing;
The iterative (and possibly bidirectional) processing.
A computational implementation of the theory was developed based on the CLARION cognitive architecture and used to simulate relevant human data. This work represents an initial step in the development of process-based theories of creativity encompassing incubation, insight, and various other related phenomena.

Conceptual blending Edit
Main article: Conceptual blending
In The Act of Creation, Arthur Koestler introduced the concept of bisociation — that creativity arises as a result of the intersection of two quite different frames of reference. This idea was later developed into conceptual blending. In the 1990s, various approaches in cognitive science that dealt with metaphor, analogy, and structure mapping have been converging, and a new integrative approach to the study of creativity in science, art and humor has emerged under the label conceptual blending.

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Owolabi01
What Is Something That Was Acceptable In The Past But Would Be Considered Unacceptable Today?
~0.9 mins read
In the 1800s to early 1900s, a typical woman in Malaysia or Indonesia would dress like this. And it was understandable, as it was not only comfortable and flexible, but it was great for working in the hot climates.

It didn’t matter if the woman was Muslim, Hindu, Christian. This was socially acceptable. Not only that but this was actually even considered modest.

My grandmother has pictures of her mother dressed in the same way.

But 200 years later, this style was stamped out by Conservative Islamic influences. Many Salafi-influenced Imams preached against it as revealing and degrading to women.

While it’s somewhat common to see women in more traditional and rural areas of both Indonesia & Malaysia wear this today, a woman could be harassed, fined, ordered to change or arrested if she was wearing this in certain cities and or provinces.

And it's important to clarify that I was not in any way saying Indonesia or Malaysia has a clothing police. That's absurd. But certain provinces do have certain laws that could have a women charged with “disturbing the public order” for wearing revealing clothing. While Indonesia and Malaysia are conservative, it's in no way a Wahhabi Saudi Arabia. Atleast not yet truth be told

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