The world has come a long way since the origin of the word and its meaning, but psychology continues to rely on the principle of temperament to categorize people in an organized way in order to understand human behavior.

There are four different types of temperament and their bodily correspondences:

Melancholic is the type of temperament corresponding with black bile in the body. These people are traditional and non-adventurous, but they can also be plaintive.

Choleric is the type of temperament corresponding with yellow bile in the body. These people are ambitious thinkers, but can be hot-headed.

Sanguine is the type of temperament corresponding with blood in the body. These people are carefree pleasure seekers.

Phlegmatic is the type of temperament corresponding with phlegm in the body. These people are loyal, sociable, and generally calm.

Most people are said to contain a mix of these personality types, similar to how people would also have a mix of physical components within the body. Although the temperament model involving humors is, of course, partly allegorical in nature, many present-day personality theories are loosely masked versions of the same basic components.

This being true, temperament eventually develops into an individual's personality type. Predominant components of the personality remain largely the same from childhood through adulthood, however mixed the types may be that create the individual as a whole.

Melancholy

Because melancholic temperaments are oriented toward tradition, staying put as a happy homemaker is a common life choice. Melancholics are very unlikely to marry foreigners, move from their designated countries, or adventure beyond the walls of the establishment.

However, if a melancholic decides to work outside the home, he or she might flourish in professions such as management, accounting, and administration. They are organized and tidy, rule followers, and very consistent.

Choleric

If the melancholic is a rule follower, then the choleric is a rule breaker. Cholerics can be less than friendly, but are highly intelligent. They flourish in isolated environments where creativity is encouraged but high sociability and collaboration is not required. Cholerics will thrive in professions such as engineering, programming, and innovative technology. They might also excel in disciplines such as statistics.

Figure 21 from Charles Darwin

Charles Darwin

Sanguine

Sanguine temperaments are risk-taking pleasure-seekers. Sanguines may struggle against addictive traits. They might struggle with behavioral or 'process' addictions such as food or sex addiction, where the process--preparing a meal, for instance--is equally as exciting to the addict than the high itself. Though sanguines may struggle with self-discipline, they show interest and talent in cooking, fashion, marketing, and travel.

Phlegmatic

Since phlegmatic temperaments are overly sociable, they often act as the mediator in situations. They try to stay neutral, never taking sides and often becoming nonconfrontational. Phleghmatics become the best caretakers, parents, and spouses. They excel is psychology and counseling, nursing &teaching.

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“When Jesus therefore perceived that they would come and take him by force, to make him a king, he departed again into a mountain himself alone.” John 6:15

You are requested to love your neighbours as yourself. It is in fact a commandment. Love as a commandment.

Your neighbours are all sorts of people, just as you are one sort of a person. They are all decent people, only you and they do not necessarily subscribe to the same canons of decency.

Loving your neighbour therefore requires some techniques. Some neighbours do not mind to generate and carry about false rumours about you and other people. The less you allow them to know about you, the less their opportunity to sin against you.

Some neighbours are afflicted by bouts of jealousy. A little decent distance between your success and their awareness of their inadequacies would reduce the frequency of their bouts and expose you to less danger.

Some neighbours like to get an audience to witness their marital quarrels. They are looking for somebody to blame other than themselves. If you are not there, can you be misquoted?

The advice is not that you should run away from your neighbours and be a recluse or be afraid to mix with other people. The advice is that your mixing should be moderate and that you should study your neighbours early in order to determine which type of mixing will be profitable for everybody.

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