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Cheffdbelove
ANT AND ALLERGY.
~3.8 mins read
Overview of fire ants
Red imported fire ants aren’t supposed to be in the United States, but these dangerous pests have made themselves at home here. If you are stung by fire ants, you’ll probably know it. They swarm onto your skin and their stings feel like fire.
Fire ants range in color from red-brown to black, and grow up to 1/4 inch in length. They build nests or mounds about 1 foot high, usually in grassy areas like lawns and pastures. Unlike most anthills, fire ant nests don’t have just one entrance. The ants crawl all over the hill.
Fire ants are very aggressive when their nest is disturbed. If provoked, they swarm on the perceived intruder, anchor themselves by biting to hold the skin stable, and then sting repeatedly, injecting a toxin alkaloid venom called solenopsin. We refer to this action as “stinging.â€
Fire ant nests are like small cities, sometimes containing as many as 200,000 ants, according to Texas A&M University. Inside these busy colonies, female workers maintain the nest’s structure and feed their young. Male drones breed with the queen or queens. When young queens mature in communities with more than one queen, they fly off with males to create new nests.
History of fire ants in the United States
Red imported fire ants came to the United States by accident in the 1930s. They have thrived in the Southern states and moved north because they had no local predators. There are fire ants native to the United States, but they are not as dangerous or hard to get rid of as red fire imported ants.
Fire ants can withstand just about any challenge. Researchers at the University of Arkansas found that it would take two weeks of temperatures below 10°F (-12°C) to kill an entire colony. While fire ants kill and eat other insects like regular ants, they have also been known to live on crops and animals. Fire ants can even form nests on water and float them to dry locations.
What is that sting?
If fire ants sting you, chances are you’ll know. They attack in swarms, racing up vertical surfaces (such as your leg) when their nests are disturbed. Each fire ant can sting several times.
To identify fire ant stings, look for groups of swollen red spots that develop a blister on the top. Stings hurt, itch, and last up to a week. Some people have dangerous allergic reactions to stings and will need to seek immediate medical help.
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Getting relief
Treat mild sting reactions by washing the affected area with soap and water and covering it with a bandage. Applying ice can reduce the pain. Topical treatments include over-the-counter steroid creams and antihistamines to reduce pain and itch.
Texas A&M University recommends a home remedy solution of half bleach, half water. Other home remedies include diluted ammonium solution, aloe vera, or astringents like witch hazel. These remedies may offer some relief, but there is no hard evidence to support their use.
The sting and bite marks should go away in about a week. Scratching can cause the affected area to become infected, which can make sting and bite marks last longer.
How bad can it get?
Anyone can develop an allergy to fire ant stings, although people who’ve been stung before are at higher risk. An allergic reaction can be fatal. Signs of a dangerous allergic reaction include:
1.sudden difficulty breathing
2.difficulty swallowing
3.nausea
4.dizziness
Symptoms develop quickly after exposure. It’s critical to get emergency medical treatment if you experience signs of an allergic reaction to a fire ant sting.
If you have a severe allergy, there are involved long-term treatments, including whole body extract immunotherapy. During this process, an allergist-immunologist injects ant extracts and venom into your skin. Over time, your sensitivity to the extracts and venom should decrease.
Avoid contact
The best way to avoid fire ant stings is to stay away from fire ants. If you see a nest, resist the temptation to disturb it. Wear shoes and socks when working and playing outside. If you are attacked by fire ants, move away from the nest and brush the ants off with a cloth or while wearing gloves so they can’t sting your hands.
Fire ant colonies are hard to destroy. There are some poisonous baits that when applied regularly may get rid of fire ants. The most common is a pesticide called piretherine. The best time to use bait against fire ants is during the fall, when ants are less active. Professional pest control companies treat fire ants where they are common. Dousing a fire ant hill with boiling water can also be effective for killing the ants, but it is also likely to cause the survivors to attack.
They’re no picnic
Fire ants are a growing problem in the southern United States. Avoid them whenever you can, and take basic protective measures when going outside, such as wearing shoes and socks. Be on the lookout for a severe allergic reaction in anyone who has been stung, and get emergency medical help if needed.
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Cheffdbelove
You Should Not Have A Puffy Face
~4.9 mins read
Why do you develop a puffy face
This swelling can become a life-threatening medical emergency when it involves both the face and the lining of the respiratory tract (which may cause difficulty breathing).
But if you're breathing fine, there's no need to call 911. You're probably experiencing general face swelling caused by one of the other medical problems below. Luckily, there's something you can do about most of them (whew!).
1. You've Got A Nasty Sinus Infection.
If the lining of your sinuses—the air-filled spaces between the eyes and behind your forehead, nose, and cheekbones—becomes inflamed or infected, they can get clogged with mucus. The pressure caused by that backup causes a dull ache around your eyes, greenish-yellow discharge from your nose, pounding headaches—and sometimes, a swollen face.
Most of the time, the infection is caused by a virus (translation: you don’t need antibiotics—just wait it out). Focus on resting, drink lots of fluids, and try an over-the-counter antihistamine, says Rosalyn Stewart, MD, associate professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
2. You Have An Abscessed Tooth.
Having a cracked or chipped tooth or an untreated cavity can allow bacteria to sneak into the pulp—the soft innards—of your tooth, where they can multiply, says Dr. Stewart. The abscess (a.k.a. infection) results in a collection of pus and swelling around the tooth or gums. Translation: You’ll have a wicked toothache and some jawline swelling.
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Your dentist can prescribe antibiotics and will likely have to perform a root canal to remove the infected nerve. In the meantime, saltwater rinses and over-the-counter painkillers can make you more comfortable.
3. You Have Cushing's Syndrome.
Cortisol is a stress hormone, but it also helps regulate your blood pressure, blood sugar, and a slew of other things. When too much of it gets pumped out by your adrenal glands, it can lead to Cushing’s syndrome, a condition characterized by a round, moon-shaped face, skin that bruises easily, and thicker or more body hair.
Cushing's syndrome affects women nearly three times more often than men, according to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), and it often crops up in people who have been on glucocorticoids, which help inflammation, per the NIDDK.
Left untreated, Cushing's syndrome can lead to heart attack, stroke, and type 2 diabetes, among other medical issues, says the NIDDK.
4. You're Allergic To Something.
Beyond causing red eyes and a rapidly emptying tissue box, an allergic reaction to food, pollen, or even a medication can cause facial inflammation, especially around your eyes and nose, says Dr. Stewart.
Angioedema can actually be caused by an allergic reaction to certain medicines, too, like aspirin, ibuprofen, and certain blood or heart pressure medications, Dr. Friedman says. The swelling will usually appear in the form of hives, usually on the lips and eyelids (think: Will Smith in the movie Hitch!).
5. You Have A Secret Sunburn.
Yep, it's possible to get a sunburn even if you don't feel like you've been soaking up rays. "Ultraviolet light exposure from your everyday activities adds up,†says Joshua Zeichner, MD, director of cosmetic and clinical research in dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital. “Not only can this cause redness, but in some cases, swelling as well.â€
6. You Have Cellulitis.
Nope, we're not talking dimpled skin here (that's cellulite). Cellulitis is a bacterial skin infection that can cause your face (or anywhere else on your body, tbh) to rapidly inflate and become hot and red, says Stewart.
If you develop these symptoms—and especially if the swelling spreads—high-tail it to the emergency room, stat. Left untreated, the illness can be deadly. And it's relatively easy to treat—a weeklong course of antibiotics should clear it up.
7. You've Got The Mumps.
Sounds old school, but this highly contagious illness is actually making a (scary) comeback. If you come down with mumps, you’ll likely have a headache, fever, and muscle aches, in addition to telltale chipmunk cheeks, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
If your doc confirms the condition through a saliva swab or blood test, your only choice is to wait it out. Most cases resolve in a few weeks, per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
8. Your Thyroid Might Be Out Of Whack.
The butterfly-shaped gland in your throat pumps out a hormone that regulates your metabolism and body temperature. If it’s producing too little, metabolic changes can cause your subcutaneous tissues (a.k.a. the stuff underneath your skin) to get bigger. “Everything fills out a little,†says Dr. Stewart, referencing overall swelling.
9. You Have Pink Eye.
If the swelling is focused around your eye area, then you might be dealing with conjunctivitis (a.k.a., good ol' pink eye), a nasty infection or inflammation of the membrane lining the eyelids.
“Most causes of conjunctivitis are due to viruses, but it can also be triggered by allergies, bacteria, or even your contact lenses,†says Kristamarie Collman, MD, an Atlanta-based family medicine physician and health expert. “In addition to swelling, you may also have redness, tearing, or itchy eyes.â€
Dr. Collman says treatment for pink eye will depend on the type—it could be a viral or bacterial infection. "Viral conjunctivitis is typically treated with supportive therapy to include cool compresses and artificial tears for comfort," she says. "For a bacterial conjunctivitis, it will require antibiotic eye drops."
10. You Have Rosacea.
If you have rosacea (whether you know it or not), certain triggers can lead to a flare-up, Dr. Zeichner says. Hot weather, spicy foods, alcohol, and even emotional stress can all lead to facial flushing, burning, and even swelling.
Dr. Zeichner says a gentle cleanser, moisturizer, and a daily application of sunscreen can help keep rosacea symptoms in check. Your dermatologist can also give you a prescription for a cream or pill that can help calm inflammation related to the condition.
11. You're Taking A Steroid.
While the presence of moon face might be an indicator of an underlying medical condition like Cushing's disease (as mentioned!), it can also be the result of taking prescribed steroids—and higher doses could lead to more significant side effects.
If you are struggling on a dose of steroids, then you should discuss with your doctor the possibility of reducing the dosage. Possible good news? Actress Sarah Hyland—who has been on prednisone as a result of a lifelong kidney condition—swears by using a face roller to reduce the appearance of a puffy face.
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