Food: An essential necessity for man's survival

   Over the years, man had survived by eating food and cultivating it as well.Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism. Food is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals. The substance is ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells to provide energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth,(Wikipedia). Historically, humans secured food through two methods: hunting and gathering and agriculture, which gave modern humans a mainly omnivorous diet. Worldwide, humanity has created numerous cuisines and culinary arts, including a wide array of ingredients, herbs, spices, techniques, and dishes. Food is among the three needs of man which are food,clothing and shelter. The importance of food to man's survival can't be over emphasized, man has lived and survived by eating food and man still lives and survives with food.

   Food contains some essential nutrients the body needs in other to be in good health promote growth and sustain the body.While there are many essential nutrients, they can be broken into two categories: macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients are eaten in large amounts and include the primary building blocks of your diet — protein, carbohydrates, and fat — which provide your body with energy.Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients, and small doses go a long way. There are six main groups of essential micronutrients and macronutrients.( Mandy Ferriera).

Protein:Protein provides the building blocks of the body, and not just for muscle. Every cell, from bone to skin to hair, contains protein. A startling 16 percent of the average person’s body weight is from protein. Protein is used primarily for growth, health, and body maintenance.While meat, fish, and eggs are good sources of essential amino acids, you can also get protein from plant sources like beans, soy, nuts, and some grains. Exactly how much protein you need daily depends on a variety of factors including how active you are, and your age.

Carbonhydrates:Carbohydratesare necessary for a healthy body. Carbs fuel your body, especially your central nervous system and brain, and protect against disease, according to the Mayo Clinic.Before you reach for the white bread or pasta, keep in mind that the type of carb you eat matters. Some carbs are healthier than others. Opt for whole grains, beans, and fiber-rich vegetables and fruits instead of refined grains and products with added sugar.

Fats:often get a bad rap, but recent research has shown that healthy fats are an important part of a healthy diet.Including healthy fats in your diet can help you to balance your blood sugar, decrease your risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes, and improve your brain function. The most famous unsaturated fats are omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Unsaturated fats are important for your body as they provide essential fatty acids your body can’t make. You can find these healthy fats in nuts, seeds, fish, and vegetable oils (like olive, avocado, and flaxseed). Avoid trans fats and limit your intake of saturated animal-based fats like butter, cheese, red meat, and ice cream.

Vitamins:Vitamins are vital for warding off disease and staying healthy. There are 13 essential vitamins that the body needs to function properly, including vitamins A, C, B6, and D.Vitamins are essential for healthy vision, skin, and bones.Vitamins may lower the risk of lung and prostate cancer, and they’re powerful antioxidants.

Minerals:minerals help support the body. They’re essential for many body functions, including building strong bones and teeth, regulating your metabolism, and staying properly hydrated. Some of the most common minerals are calcium, iron, and zinc.

Water:You can go for weeks without food, but you can’t last more than a few days without water. Water is absolutely crucial for every system in your body. It’s also the main thing you are made of. About 62 percent of your body weight is water.Water improves your brain function and mood. It acts a shock absorber and a lubricant in the body. Fruits and vegetables can also be a great source. Munch on some spinach or watermelon to stay hydrated.

The above mentioned essential nutrients of food,if followed duely results in a sound healthy life. Eat more of fruits and vegetables, drink enough water and maintain a good diet.